Examine the concept of the foreign in Renaissance literature Essay Example For Students

Examine the concept of the foreign in Renaissance literature Essay In The Jew of Malta, Marlowe uses the character Machevil to introduce the play in his prologue. This representation of Machiavelli instantly introduces the ideas and principles associated with his political ideas, and Machevil admits his villainy openly. He immediately exposes the conflicting attitudes that people would have had to his works, Though some speak openly against my books, yet will they read me.. Machiavelli, although often condemned in public, was read by many people in private. Machevil associates himself straight away with Barabas the Jew and evil doing, presenting him as his candidate who uses his means to gain money and success. Barabas then becomes representative of what is foreign closely linked with wrong-doing and villainy before the play has even started. Marlowe uses the figure of the Jew as a powerful rhetoric device, Barabas becomes an embodiment for a Christian audience of all they loathe and fear, for all things that are different. It is Barabass desire for gold and wealth that exemplifies the desires that drive all the other characters in the play, in fact, Barabas seems to have acquired his wealth in a more honest and respectable way, as a merchant, than the other characters who try to extrapolate money in seemingly more dishonest ways, The Turks forcing tributes from the Christians, who in turn, take away the wealth from the Jews. Even a convent is seen to profit from the taking of money. It seems that the religious and political ideology that at first seems to govern a Christian society is actually motivated towards profit and little else. Barabass sin of being a Jew is used when the Christian society need his money, he is almost a victim at the level of religion and political power. His murderous activities do not signal his exclusion from Maltas society, but his central place in it. Whilst Marlowe never actually goes against anti-Semitic views, and the conventional portrayal of his villain, he seems to be suggesting throughout the play that Barabas the Jew is not the exception to, but rather the true representation of society. The character of Barabas is brought into being by the Christian society that surrounds him. Looking at his actions, we can see that they are brought about by the actions of others. The plot of the play is set in motion by the Governor taking his wealth, and each of Barabass schemes are in response to perceived threats to him. Although Marlowe does not challenge directly the renaissance stereotype of the Jew, in that Barabas is identified with egoism and his selfish needs, he highlights the fact that Barabas success in his role is because of Christianity alienating relationships in society. The Christian practice of alienation is ongoing throughout the play, and is present most strongly in Barabas himself. His actions are provoked by Christian actions, and his identity is to an extent, the product of the Christian concept of Jewish identity. Barabas sense of self and his response to the world are mainly constructed by the dominant Christian culture. His identity is a social construct , which he loses as the play goes on, until his character becomes no more than an abstract, anti-Semitic construct of a Jew. One of the true emblems of society highlighted in the play is the slave market every ones price is written on his back, (II. 274). At that low level of society, the barriers of religion and race fall away as a Jew buys a Turkish slave at a Christian slave market. This slave market becomes the concrete symbol of the alienation practised by the Christian society. In The Jew of Malta, Marlowe does not directly challenge the renaissance conception of the foreign, but rather he uses it as a tool to point out the inadequacy of typical Christian society. His main character, Barabas, is still shown in an anti-Semitic light, and is placed in the role of typical villain. .u127b91ee1de8a8fab317d22aae8c5915 , .u127b91ee1de8a8fab317d22aae8c5915 .postImageUrl , .u127b91ee1de8a8fab317d22aae8c5915 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u127b91ee1de8a8fab317d22aae8c5915 , .u127b91ee1de8a8fab317d22aae8c5915:hover , .u127b91ee1de8a8fab317d22aae8c5915:visited , .u127b91ee1de8a8fab317d22aae8c5915:active { border:0!important; } .u127b91ee1de8a8fab317d22aae8c5915 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u127b91ee1de8a8fab317d22aae8c5915 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u127b91ee1de8a8fab317d22aae8c5915:active , .u127b91ee1de8a8fab317d22aae8c5915:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u127b91ee1de8a8fab317d22aae8c5915 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u127b91ee1de8a8fab317d22aae8c5915 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u127b91ee1de8a8fab317d22aae8c5915 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u127b91ee1de8a8fab317d22aae8c5915 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u127b91ee1de8a8fab317d22aae8c5915:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u127b91ee1de8a8fab317d22aae8c5915 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u127b91ee1de8a8fab317d22aae8c5915 .u127b91ee1de8a8fab317d22aae8c5915-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u127b91ee1de8a8fab317d22aae8c5915:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Psychology In Sports EssayHowever, his character is shown not to have come about through his sin of being a Jew, but is shown to be a product of the Christian society around him, whose morality is at least in part called into quest. Marlowe manages at once to show Barabas as an alienated figure, and also as an embodiment of the society he is in, his difference comes about from the energy which he displays throughout the play. He is a character that embodies all that was negative regarding the Renaissance conception of the foreign, and yet, in many ways, he is no different to the Christian society that is supposed to represent the good and the familiar. Marlowe takes the Renaissance conception of the foreign and turns it around to face inwards, towards the audience, questioning the difference between what is foreign and what is familiar. If Barabass identity is constructed by the Christian view of a typical Jew, then it says a lot for the negative impact of such stereotyping. In Jonsons Volpone we can see how these kind of tactics are employed in a similar way, the actions of the play become seemingly distant from the renaissance audience, when a foreign setting is employed. With the help of the characters from the subplot, we can see, however, that the use of stereotypes that arise from the renaissance conception of the foreign, can be turned inwards yet again, and held up against the audience who help to construct and maintain them. Bibliography Butler, M. Ben Jonsons Volpone: a critical study (1987) Greenblatt, S. Marlowe and the will to absolute play in New Historicism and Renaissance Drama ed. R. Wilson and R. Dutton (1992) Kelsall, M. Christopher Marlowe (1981) Parker, R. B. Jonsons Venice in Theatre of the English and Italian Renaissance, ed. J. R Mulryne and M. Shewring (1991)

Research Methodology Essentials Social Research

Question: Describe about the Research methodology Essentials of social research? Answer: Introduction The term research has something aura concerning it. Usually researchers are seen, as detached persons who segregate themselves in academic laboratories and libraries. The study will massively concentrate on the various types of problems that a research can face during the time of operation. The various constitutes of a research problem are also studied with detailed scrutiny within the study in the desired section as per the need. Moreover, the study will also shed light on the components of a well -formed problem statement (Gibaldi, 2009). Meanwhile, the various types of research and its use are also discussed within the study. Hence, the study will educate the reader with massive knowledge regarding the various methods of researches and its drawbacks. Character of a research problem The field of commerce, among all others drug and education always has a room for investigations. Creating learning opportunities are always assisted by research, which either offers a proof of the documents that have been already studied, or offer extracted information that oppose the studied document. Form two perspectives, the problem of the research should act as a helping hand in civilizing the existing or present trouble. The subject that needs to be investigated should establish what and where the researcher is assigning to the business organization, government or the public. The problem of the research should be able to identify the exact objectives regarding that the study speaks. The world depends on researchers and their research to get access to modification and improvement (Jha, 2009). Hence, it can be said that research is of utmost importance in develop the society of any economy. Developing of a research problem during the time of conducting a research plays a huge rol e of significance for the overall success of that particular research. Therefore, a researchable problem does not need to support any sort of personal gain. Gibaldi, (2009) opines that if any research does not improve or advance the information of the world, then it can be stated that the research is just a collection of information. These types of researches do not have any huge value in the professional world, but alternatively these researches helps the future researches to a massive extent. Constitution of a researchable problem In order to decide on a research problem, an individual needs to have adequate knowledge regarding the topic of the research. The individual also needs to know, which projects has the ability to make vast charity to the field of the research. The individual can choose from various strategies, which are available to explore at the time of selecting a research problem. The detailed study of these problems will clear the views regarding this section, which is discussed below: The first plan is looking at the surroundings about oneself. These observations are of utmost importance, as this will help the researchers to identify the different problems that need to be solved. The globe consists of various troubles that need to be solved within a specific span of time (Kalof, Dan Dietz, 2010). These problems can be addressed through researches. Meanwhile, studying the present and past literature is also a strategy that is used by many researchers in order to construct a successful research. The studying of these papers enables the researchers to challenge the previous research outcome that appear conflicting to what and individual knows or believes to be right. The second strategy is attending specialized conferences that converse concerning issues touching the society to a huge extent. These conferences help an individual to recognize a problem. The third strategy is seeking counsel from the various experts, or people who have vast knowledge in the field of research (Reiter, 2012). Experts have huge experience is the desired field and hence, understand the issues that needs a solution at its earliest. On the other hand, conferences can also help the researchers to extract various pivotal elements for the success of the research. The other advantage of attending conferences is that the researcher will gain access to various other experts, who keep an interest in the same field. The researcher can create a network with these people, which can be of huge help in the time of need. According to Turabian, (2009) a researchable trouble should be intriguing or motivating to the study and at the same time should be worth of drawing attention. Final ly, the investigators should make judgments about them based on their research topic. Components of a well formed problem report After the canvasser has deployed the above stated strategies in choosing a significant research difficulty, the next step should be taken which shows the procedure to solve the problem. Almost six strategies may be significant to explore at the time of articulating a researchable difficulty. The primary strategy is stating the difficulty comprehensively and plainly. The researcher needs to clearly highlight the research problem. This can only be achieved, when the researcher will avoid confusing, deceiving statements or various incomplete thoughts and theories. Additionally, the researcher also needs to choose a practical societal problem (Leiter, 2012). Thinking throughout the feasibility of the research difficulty is the second strategy, which can be adopted by the researcher. The pattern of the study and how will it be performed must be accounted through an individual, who has a sharp focal point on a certain concern within a research field. The communicating to the readers can be prcised as the third strategy (Tep.uoregon.edu, 2015). The accuracy has a massive significant to the investigators at the time of stating the research problem. In case, the researcher gets inaccurate with his or her own words, the status of the researcher can be troubled with huge negative impact. The one and only important principle of academic community is that each statement constructed by a scholar should have absolute honesty and integrity. Additionally, the statement of research difficulty does not need to engage the private bias of the investigator. What constitutes a reasonable theoretical framework for the need of the study? A theoretical structure is referred to a compilation, which relates to any certain topics or concepts. This determines the variables that is needed to be measured and guides the research as well. This definition certainly shows that it is evident that theoretical framework comprise of related theories. The descriptive design explains and concentrates on the brief that is happening within the scenario or case study of the research subject (Hutton, 2011). On the other hand, Pearl, (2014) opined that theoretical frameworks are massively and astonishingly important in exploratory researches. These are sections where the researchers think that they do not have huge knowledge regarding the literature of the study and needs to know more. Theoretical frameworks are of huge significant in these types of studies for two reasons. The first reason is states that it is impossible for individual not to have predetermined ideas though they majorly appear to be very common in scenery (Bhandari, 2009). However, it can also be said that being uninformed of the theoretical problem can turn out to be a huge issue for the researcher. Conclusion Agent solutions are required for the numerous researchable problems, which are present in the world. Hence, to enable the actual procedure of looking for solutions by researching an effective statement of the researchable problem is of huge significance. The study also concludes that a collection of related topics and concepts, which is mostly theory, is referred as a theoretical framework. Hence, it can be said that applying the desired strategy is not enough, as applying the right strategy at the right time has a huge significance regarding the success of the research. Reference List Books Gibaldi, J. (2009). MLA handbook for writers of research papers. New York: Modern Language Association of America Jha, N. (2009). Research methodology. Chandigarh: Abhishek Publications Kalof, L., Dan, A., Dietz, T. (2010). Essentials of social research. England: Open Univ Pr Turabian, K. (2009). A manual for writers of research papers, theses, and dissertations. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Journals Hutton, J. (2011). A Deductive Approach Research!. (2014). Organic Chem Curr Res, 04(01). Bhandari, S.(2009). Positivism to Research. SSRN Journal Leiter, B.(2012). Research Positivism?. SSRN Journal Pearl, J. (2014). The Deductive Approach to Causal Research. Journal Of Causal Research, 2(2). Reiter, R. (2012). An approach to deductive question-answering systems in research. ACM SIGART Bulletin, (61), 41 Website Tep.uoregon.edu,. (2015). Strategies: What Makes a Good Research Problem?. Retrieved 4 June 2015, from https://tep.uoregon.edu/showcase/crmodel/strategies/good_research_problems.html

Biography of Bill Gates

Biography of Bill Gates Free Online Research Papers William (Bill) H. Gates III is co-founder, chairman and chief executive officer of Microsoft Corporation, the worlds leading provider of software for personal computers. Bill Gates was born on October 28, 1955. He and his two sisters grew up in Seattle. Their father, William H. Gates II, is a Seattle attorney. Mary Gates, their late mother, was a schoolteacher, University of Washington regent and chairwoman of United Way International. Gates attended public elementary school before moving on to the private Lakeside School in North Seattle. It was at Lakeside that Gates began his career in personal computer software, programming computers at age 13. In 1973, Gates entered Harvard University as a freshman, where he lived down the hall from Steve Ballmer, who is now Microsofts president. While at Harvard, Gates developed a version of the programming language BASIC for the first microcomputer the MITS Altair. BASIC was first developed by John Kemeny and Thomas Kurtz at Dartmouth College in the mid-1960s. In his junior year, Gates dropped out of Harvard to devote his energies full-time to Microsoft, a company he had started in 1975 with his boyhood friend Paul Allen. Guided by a belief that the personal computer would be a valuable tool on every office desktop and in every home, they began developing software for personal computers. Gates foresight and vision regarding personal computing have been central to the success of Microsoft and the software industry. Gates is actively involved in key management and strategic decisions at Microsoft, and plays an important role in the technical development of new products. Much of his time is devoted to meeting with customers and staying in contact with Microsoft employees around the world through e-mail. Under Gates leadership, Microsofts mission is continuously to advance and improve software technology, and to make it easier, more cost-effective and more enjoyable for people to use computers. The company is committed to a long-term view, which is reflected in its investment of some $2.6 billion for research and development during the current fiscal year. In 1995 Gates wrote The Road Ahead, his vision of where information technology will take society. Co-authored by Nathan Myhrvold, Microsofts chief technology officer, and Peter Rinearson, The Road Ahead held the No. 1 spot on the New York Times bestseller list for seven weeks, and remained on the list for a total of 18 weeks. Published in more than 20 countries, the book sold more than 400,000 copies in China alone. In 1996, while strategically redeploying Microsoft to take advantage of the emerging opportunities created by the Internet, Gates thoroughly revised The Road Ahead to reflect his view that interactive networks are a major milestone in human communication. The paperback second edition also has become a bestseller. Gates is donating his proceeds from the book to a non-profit fund that supports teachers worldwide who are incorporating computers into their classrooms. In addition to his passion for computers, Gates is interested in biotechnology. He sits on the board of the ICOS Corporation and is a shareholder in Chiroscience Group of the United Kingdom and its wholly owned subsidiary, Chiroscience RD Inc. (formerly Darwin Molecular) of Bothell, Wash. He also founded Corbis Corporation, which is developing one of the largest resources of visual information in the world a comprehensive digital archive of art and photography from public and private collections around the globe. Gates also has invested with cellular telephone pioneer Craig McCaw in Teledesic, a company that is working on an ambitious plan to launch hundreds of low-orbit satellites around the Earth to provide a worldwide two-way broadband telecommunications service. In the dozen years since Microsoft went public, Gates has donated more than $800 million to charities, including $200 million to the Gates Library Foundation to help libraries in North America take advantage of new technologies and the Information Age. In 1994 Gates established the William H. Gates Foundation, which supports a variety of initiatives of particular interest to Gates and his family. The focus of Gates philanthropy is in four areas: education; world public health and population; non-profit, civic and arts organizations; and Puget Sound-area capital campaigns. Bill and Melinda French Gates were married on January 1, 1994. They have one child, Jennifer Katharine Gates, who was born in 1996. Research Papers on Biography of Bill GatesThe Project Managment Office SystemRiordan Manufacturing Production PlanOpen Architechture a white paperNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaDefinition of Export QuotasTwilight of the UAW

Swing Kids essays

Swing Kids essays Living in Hamburg, Germany during the period of the Adolph Hitler regime was not easy for anyone. The WWII movie, Swing Kids, followed the lives of coming of age teenagers who were faced with situations that questioned their integrity. These particular boys Peter, Thomas, and Avrid were best friends and were determined to withstand their friendship through trying times in Nazi Germany. What set these boys apart from all their peers, who were joining Hitlers Youth Brigade at the time, were that they rebelled from the Nazi movement, by embracing the forbidden pastimes of British fashion, Harlem Slang, American movies, and Swing music. Most importantly, Swing Kids portrayed each young mans struggle to choose between friendship, family and freedom as the Nazi movement swept through Germany. Swing heil, swing heil as the swing kids would often say as they greeted each other. The main basis behind the swing movement was that they strictly opposed the fascist oppression that was being caused by the infamous Adolph Hitler. But the three particular young men in this movie, Peter, Thomas and Avrid, were not as vocal about their opposition with the Hitler youth brigade. Instead they would disguise as supports of Hitler by day and by night they were full-fledged swing kids, who attended swing dance clubs with their fellow swing kids. Peter was very defiant, Thomas was very emotionally weak, and Avrid was the intelligent and very hypercritical character. Life was going very well, the boys attended school to become engineers, they had a strong friendship, and most importantly they had swing music, which played a very big part in their lives. It was not until a practical joke, that every took a bad turn. After an attempt to steal a radio from a local bakery, Peter gets caught and luckily Thomas gets away. After being taken into custody by the Gestapo, Peter is punished for his actions. In hopes of giving ...

The changing role of women in Japanese history Research Paper - 1

The changing role of women in Japanese history - Research Paper Example Koyama (pp.56) indicates that the Japanese woman is no longer the pale skinned, quiet and submissive woman. Majority of the women in the Japanese society today lack the nature of being too accommodating and obedient to the impositions on them. Studies indicate that these women are on the verge of making own decisions despite the forces behind their oppositions. In the previous centuries, specifically the Edo period, women were an oppressed lot in relation to the Confucian thoughts. Inheritance of property, land ownership or taking part in politics was forbidden in the Japanese society. Women were not allowed to attend schools for fear of their ability to rule the society. In this society, women were allowed to read books in ‘kana’ so that they would not have a leeway to success. Over the years the women in the Japanese culture were not allowed to take part in the war. However, that role is slowly changing and a number of women have come up to challenge that perception. Among the notable examples include, Nakano Takeko from the Aizu clan of the Japanese. This woman is remembered for her ability to lead the women’s army at a time when women were forbidden to take part in any form of war. The driving force towards Nakano taking part in the war was to instill brevity among women that would assist them in the absence of the males in the society. Nakano set an example to many other women by undergoing training in martial arts and even setting up a training school.

Literature Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Literature Review - Essay Example . Consumers are attracted through advertising and promotions. The first impression that a consumer attains through advertising influences his purchasing decisions. To create a positive impression, companies try to create a distinctive brand image for their products. The strategy is to utilize celebrities as endorsers in marketing campaign and it is growing increasingly popular. Companies usually use talent – movie actors, models, athletes or famous people for endorsement (Bergestrà ¶m & Skà ¤rfstad, 2004). Not just the large firms, even smaller companies with limited budget use sports and athletes to promote their products. Companies all over the world spend millions ever year to acquire celebrities to endorse their product. It hence become important to determine why companies choose celebrities to endorse their products, on what basis they select the celebrities and whether they get the expected returns from such endorsement. This proposal will briefly discuss the background with definition of ‘celebrities’ and after research justification and outlining the questions, based on the literature available, it will form a framework for research. A celebrity is defined as "an individual who is known to the public (i.e., actor, sports figure, entertainer, etc.) for his or her achievements in areas other than that of the product class endorsed" (cf., Friedman and Friedman 1979 cited by Kamins, Brand, Hoeke & Moe, 1989). The use of celebrities for product endorsement was on the rise in the late 1970s. While it was estimated that 15 percent of prime time television commercials featured celebrities in 1975, by 1978 it was reported to be over 20 percent (Kamins, Brand, Hoeke & Moe, 1989). Kamins et al (1989) conducted a study to determine the impact on advertising effectiveness and credibility based one two-sided versus one-sided celebrity endorsements.

FOIA and Privatization of Government Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

FOIA and Privatization of Government - Article Example There should a difference in the way of privatizing the traditional governmental services and the private corporation using public funding for non-traditional services because the two are very distinct in the manner of disseminating their duties. The traditional government needs more strict rules in guiding against the events of FWAC because their services affect the entire public and a small flaw in them could lead to the collapse of the whole institution. On the other hand, the private corporations require observance as well but to a smaller extent based on the nature of the population they serve. The examples of FWAC in private corporations and nonprofit corporations that were not subjected to FOIA, but may have been prevented by FOIA include misappropriation of funds by the management, tax evasion, stealing the properties of the firms. Also, giving and taking of bribes, the incorrect use of resources by wasting them and offering favors to the friend and family members. All these FWAC have been prevented by the availability of checks by the FOIA board that has scared those in charge of practicing such vices. The incapacity of the FOIA legislation to force the private corporation to provide information when needed the contracting government agency can mitigate this by setting in the contract the terms that the information regarding the use of public funds should be disclosed to the public. The condition will enable the provision of data concerning the use of the public funds. The private corporations need the support of the government and, therefore, they will be forced to comply and provide the information otherwise they will not have such chances. The issue of concern based on the experience is the style of the provision of the information needed by the public by the FOIA. The fee charged should be reviewed from the set minimum of 15 dollars to as low as 7 dollars.